Statistical Terms Glossary

The Codex Alimentarius is an international code for food developed and administered by the United Nations’ Codex Alimentarius Commission. Sometimes simply referred to as “the Codex”.

The Codex Alimentarius Commission is an international body charged with developing the standards, guidelines and recommendations that comprise the Codex Alimentarius.

Refers to the transformation of a textual information about an observation into a code which identifies the correct category (value) for that observation

Ideal (optimal) number of pupil-years required (i.e. in the absence of repetition and dropout) to produce a number of graduates from a given school-cohort for a cycle or level of education expressed as a percentage of the actual number of pupil-years spent to produce the same number of graduates. Input-output ratio, which is the reciprocal of the coefficient of efficiency, is often used as an alternative. N.B. One school year spent in a grade by a pupil is counted as one pupil-year.

A coefficient (input-output) table records the amount of each product (or the amount of output by each industry) used as input per unit of output of the various products/industries

The joint or parallel financing of programs or projects through loans or grants to developing countries provided by commercial banks, export credit agencies, other official institutions in association with other agencies or banks, or the World Bank and other multilateral financial institutions.

Refers to individuals using their memory capacity to recall facts, events, experiences or what has happened in their immediate surroundings.

The word cohabitation is used commonly to refer to a couple living together in a non marital relationship.

Adequacy of statistics to be combined in different ways and for various uses.

Person jointly making the major decisions on the operations of the holding with another person.

Group of persons who jointly experience a series of events over a period of time. A school cohort is defined as a group of pupils who enter the first grade of a given cycle in the same school year.

Set of individuals of a fishery resource born from the same spawning.

A group of individuals who experienced the same set of events at the same time.

Traces the flow of a given cohort through their promotion, repetition, drop out and completion of the final grade of the cycle.

Coke breeze comprises particles of coke of sizes less than 10 mm.

Is the solid product obtained from the carbonisation of coal, principally coking coal, at high temperature. It is low in moisture content and volatile matter.

A gas produced from coke ovens during the manufacture of coke oven coke.

Are large ovens within which coke oven coke, coke oven gas and coal tars are produced by high temperature carbonization of coking coal.

Coking coal refers to coal with a quality that allows the production of a coke suitable to support a blast furnace charge. Its gross calorific value is greater than 23 865kJ/kg (5 700 kcal/kg) on an ash-free but moist basis.

The initial static matrix; a correction base for which the elements are given before correction starts and do not change during correction. For example, the correction base could be a prior year’s data. A modified cold deck may adjust cold deck values according to (possibly aggregate) current information.

Although most scleractinian reef-forming corals occur in tropical regions and in shallow water, there is a group of scleractinian corals which can exist in water between 4 and 12 °C and at depths from c 50 m to over 2,000 m. These corals do not have symbiotic algae but are still able to form a hard skeleton. These corals form colonies and can aggregate into patches and banks which may be described as reefs. The most common cold-water coral is Lophelia pertusa which has a global distribution but is most common in the north-east Atlantic. Other cold-water coral species include Madrepora oculata and Solenosmilia variabilis and patches of coral often include more than one species

A floating rate note with an upper and lower limit on the interest rate to be paid.

Collateral refers to assets pledged as a guarantee for the repayment of the short-term liquidity loans which credit institutions receive from the central banks, as well as assets sold to central banks by credit institutions as part of repurchase operations.

Method of credit enhancement used in collateralized debt reduction schemes. It requires the borrower to fund an account which acts as collateral to the security issue.