Statistical Terms Glossary

Ownership of a corporation in excess of fifty percent Can also be used for ownership of less than fifty percent if the remainder of the stock is distributed among many owners.

Readily available credit where no charge is openly levied. Refers in particular to credit and charge cards.

The Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) which entered into force in 1982, has as its objective the conservation of Antarctic marine living resources (the term “conservation” includes rational use).

The Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic (OSPAR) requires contracting parties to take all possible steps to prevent and eliminate pollution of the marine environment. Also, contracting parties are required to take the necessary measures to protect the maritime area against the adverse effects of human activities so as to safeguard human health and to conserve marine ecosystems and, when practicable, restore those areas that have been damaged.

A Convention that aims to promote, protect and ensure the full and equal enjoyment of all human rights and fundamental freedoms by all persons with disabilities, and to promote respect for their inherent dignity.

The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) is an international treaty drawn up in 1973 to protect wildlife through controlling international trade.

It was signed on 16 June 1994 by China, Korea, Japan, Poland, Russia and the United States. The Convention went into effect in December 1995. (1996 for Republic of Korea).

CEDAW, which was adopted in 1979 by the UN General Assembly, is also known as the international bill of rights for women. Currently, over 90% of the members of the United Nations are party to the Convention, making it the second most ratified convention, following the Rights of the Child. CEDAW articulates the nature and meaning of sex-based discrimination and gender equality, and lays out State obligations to eliminate discrimination and achieve substantive equality. The Convention covers not only discriminatory laws, but also practices and customs, and it applies not only to State action, but also State responsibility to address discrimination against women by private actors. The Convention covers both civil and political rights (rights to vote, to participate in public life, to acquire, change or retain their nationality, equality before the law and freedom of movement) and economic, social and cultural rights (rights to education, work, health and financial credit). CEDAW also pays specific attention to particular phenomena such as trafficking, certain groups of women, such as rural women, and specific areas where there are special risks to women’s full enjoyment of their human rights, such as matters related to marriage and the family. CEDAW also specifies the different ways in which States Parties are to eliminate discrimination, including through appropriate legislation prohibiting discrimination, or positive action to improve the status of women.

This United Nations convention (1989) and its optional protocols outline rights to be enjoyed without discrimination, including on the grounds of gender. The legalframework includes all fundamental human rights treaties with provisions confirming the principle of non-discrimination and equality between men and women, and boys and girls. Among those treaties, Convention on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW)relates directly to the situation and well-being of girls.

A mineral oil of fossil origin extracted by conventional means from underground reservoirs, and comprising liquid or near-liquid hydrocarbons and associated impurities such as sulphur and metals.

Is a room or suite of rooms and its accessories in a permanent building or structurally separated part thereof which, by the way it has been built, rebuilt or converted, is intended for habitation by one household and is not, at the time of the census, used wholly for other purposes.

Any railway vehicle not specially designed to run on dedicated or upgraded high speed lines but still being able to reach a maximum operating speed of approximately 200 km/h.

A principal railway line that is not classified as “dedicated high-speed line” or “upgraded high-speed railway line”.

The integration of the telephone system with IP-based data networks.

Ratio of the market value of a convertible security to its conversion value expressed as a percentage. When the market value of the security is lower than the conversion value, this ratio is said to be a disocunt.

Used in banking to refer to those banks that have converted from offering limited services, such as those of an investment bank to those of a full commercial bank.

Ratio of the market value of a convertible security to its conversion value, expressed as a percentage. When the market value of the security is higher than the conversion value, this ratio is said to be a premium.

The price which an investor must pay for a share, if he buys a convertible security first and later converts it into shares.

The conversion price multiplied by the current price .of the security.

A security that, at the option of the holder, may be exchanged for another asset, generally a fixed number of shares of common stock.

A convertible bond is a fixed-rate bond that may, at the option of the investor, be converted into the equity of the borrower or its parent. The price at which the bond is convertible into equity is set at the time of issue and typically will be at a premium to the market value of the equity at the time of issue.

A bond or note that can be converted for newly issued shares or bonds at predetermined prices during specified periods of time.

Convertible into a fixed amount of common stock at the option of the owner.

Issue that carries the option to convert either from an initial floating-rate note into a fixed-rate bond or from a fixed-rate bond into a floating-rate note. This provides ways in which investors and borrowers can speculate or hedge against the future course of interest rates.

A measure of the sensitivity of prices of fixed-rate instruments (e.g., bonds) to interest rate changes.

To alienate land is to transfer rights to that land to another person. Alienation can be full (e.g., the sale of ownership of that land) or partial (e.g., the transfer of use rights through a lease).; The ability to transfer land during lifetime or after death.