Statistical Terms Glossary

The European System of Central Banks (ESCB) is composed of the European Central Bank (ECB) and the national banks of all 15 Member States, in addition to the members of the Eurosystem, the national banks of the Member States which did not adopt the euro at the start of Stage Three of Economic and Monetary Union (EMU).
The ESCB is governed by the Governing Council and the Executive Board of the ECB, and, as a third decision-making body of the ECB, by the General Council.

A project of the European Statistical System (2013 – 2017) to create a network of consistent and interoperable national statistical business registers in the EU and the statistical EuroGroups Register (EGR), which will operate as backbone for the European business statistics.

An independent, non-profit, standardization organization in the telecommunications industry (equipment makers and network operators) in Europe, with worldwide projection. ETSI has been successful in standardizing the GSM cell phone system and the TETRA professional mobile radio system.

A composite currency unit based on the value of the currencies of the European Community members participating in the European Monetary System.

The Eurosystem comprises the European Central Banks (ECB) and the national central banks of the Member States which have adopted the euro in Stage Three of Economic and Monetary Union (EMU). There are currently 12 national central banks in the Eurosystem. The Eurosystem is governed by the Governing Council and the Executive Board of the ECB.

Eurosystem’s foreign exchange liquidity position this comprises the Eurosystem’s international reserves and the Eurosystem’s other foreign currency claims and liabilities, including positions vis-à-vis euro area residents such as, for instance, foreign exchange deposits placed with banking institutions resident in the euro area

The reserve assets of the euro area consist of the Eurosystem’s reserve assets, i.e. the reserve assets of the European Central Bank (ECB), and the reserve assets held by the national central banks of the participating Member States.
Reserve assets must be under the effective control of the relevant monetary authority, whether the ECB or the national central bank of one of the participating Member States, and refer to highly liquid, marketable and creditworthy foreign (non-euro) currency-denominated claims on non-euro area residents, plus gold, special drawing rights and the reserve positions in the International Monetary Fund of the participating national central banks

Fish that live in a wide range of salinities.

The excessive enrichment of surface waters with plant nutrients, primarily N (Nitrogen) and P (Phosphorus).

The aggregate measure of the inland water eutrophication potential of some substances, calculated through the conversion factor of phosphorous and nitrogen compounds (waste water discharges and air emissions of NOx and NH3) into phosphorous equivalents.

The aggregate measure of the marine water eutrophication potential of some substances, calculated through the conversion factor of nitrogen containing residual flows (waste water discharges and air emissions of NOx and NH3) into kilograms of nitrogen.

Moving people and assets temporarily to safer places before, during or after the occurrence of a hazardous event in order to protect them- Recognizing that not all short-term physical risks can be mitigated, IOM work closely with DPC to improve the network of evacuation shelters around the country as well as to reinforce the Government’s capacities and policies in terms of evacuation and shelter management.

The systematic collection and analysis of data on a program, both as to the process and outputs (materials and activities) and the impact or outcome (immediate and longer term effects).

The systematic and objective assessment of an on-going or completed project, programme or policy, its design, implementation and results. The aim is to determine the relevance and fulfilment of objectives, development efficiency, effectiveness, impact and sustainability.

Evaporation is the process whereby liquid water is converted to water vapour (vaporization) and removed from the evaporating surface (vapour removal). Water evaporates from a variety of surfaces, such as lakes, rivers, pavements, soils and wet vegetation.

Annual amount of water evaporated from artificial lakes and reservoirs. The evaporation to take into account is the net evaporation (evaporation - precipitation). A portion of flow generated internally is not entirely collected by the hydrological system. With regard to the evaluation of resources, evaporation from wetlands, natural lakes and rivers is a reducing factor of the entire flow generated. However this reduction of runoff should not be considered entirely as a loss"" because it corresponds partly to the needs of nature, specifically those needs of aquatic systems.

Rate of evaporation generally measured and recorded at meteorological stations over many years; usually expressed as the water depth lost in millimetres over a period of time, e.g. mm/day, mm/week or mm/month.

Combined loss of water by evaporation from the soil or surface water and transpiration from plants and animals.

This term represents the combination of evaporative losses from the soil surface and transpiration from the plant surface. These two phenomenona occur simultaneously and there is no easy way of distinguishing between them.; Amount of water transferred into the atmosphere by evaporation from the soil surface and by plant transpiration. (Terminology for integrated resource planning and management, 1999 - X2079E)

U.S. term for the sale of one block of bonds and the simultaneous purchase of the same nominal principal amount of another block of bonds, without regard to the net cash difference.

Refunding, where approximately the same amount of debt is being issued for the old debt.

The definitions of evening work and night vary considerably so that it is not easy to establish a strictly common basis for all Member States. Generally speaking, however, "evening workers" can be considered to be work done after the usual hours of working time in this Member State, but before the usual sleeping hours. This implies the possibility of sleeping at normal times (whereas "night work" implies an abnormal sleeping pattern).

Situation occurring when the credit standing of a corporation changes because of certain events (e.g. merger, acquisition, leveraged buyout). Some corporations are subject to event risk because they are heavily exposed in a specific area (e.g. political changes for corporations exposed in a certain country, climatic changes for corporations dependent on a specific crop).

Ever married women or men are persons who have been married at least once in their lives although their current marital status may not be 'married'.

To provide state-of-the-art Video, Audio, Cable TV and Multimedia Services through differentiated product offerings and superior customer service at affordable prices. Launched in April 2000, Emirates Cable TV & Multimedia (L.L.C), E-Vision, a subsidiary of the dynamic Emirates Telecommunications Corporation, ETISALAT, was created to meet the demand for a superior technology and services. E-Vision decided to launch the first cable TV network in the UAE and offers the ultimate in Entertainment, Information, Education and Interactive Multimedia Services that will be transmitted digitally across the UAE.

The auditor is involved in authorising public expenditure. Payment orders and supporting documentation received are checked whether the transactions have been properly authorised, are legal and regular, and whether there are sufficient provisions in the budget.

There are at least three types of ex poste control: Those supreme audit institutions (SAIs) with a judicial function examine and pass judgement on the records of those individuals who have personal responsibility for the use of public funds;Financial audit, including the examination of documentation relating to a series of transactions, allows the SAI to report on the state accounts and provides the basis for the legislature to give some form of discharge or opinion; Performance audit, focusing on particular aspects of public expenditure, addresses wider issues of economy, efficiency and effectiveness.

Occurs if a user is able to determine the exact attribute for an individual entity from released information.