Statistical Terms Glossary

In a bank, securities dealer or other financial services organization, the service that deals with all activities not directly concerned with selling or trading. Because of the growing need for rapid order processing, back offices have taken on an increasing importance.

1. Operations whereby a loan is made in one currency in one country against a loan in another currency in another country (e.g., a U.S. dollar loan in the U.S. against a pounds sterling loan in the U.K.).
2. A credit opened by a bank on the strength of another credit (e.g., if a British merchant buys cotton in Egypt and sells it to a Belgian who establishes a credit for payment to the U.K. firm, then the firm may be able to use this as a security for
opening a credit to finance payment to the Egyptian.)
3. A scheme whereby a bank brings together a borrower and a lender so that they agree on a loan contract.
4. Refers to a variable rate loan made by IFC to a borrower, for which the funds are borrowed from the IBRD. Also called matched funding.

Estimating fish size at an earlier time (or times) on the basis of a set of measurements of CS size and fish size, made at a single point in time (usually at capture).

Facility giving a borrower a standby line of credit, either in the form of direct access to funds or by underwriting an issue.

Line of credit given by commercial bank to issuer of commercial paper if the placement of the paper is slow or difficult to accomplish. Used in U.S. market.

In the stock exchange market, a charge paid by an investor who has not yet acquired securities, does not want to do so at the prevailing rate, and, therefore, does not take up delivery of the securities but carries delivery over to the next accounting period.
In the futures market a market situation in which the nearby month contract price or the cash price is higher than the deferred month contract price.

Rate of interest paid on a backwardation transaction in the commodity market.

Bad loans are defined as loans which are in arrears exceeding a certain time limit and/or for which the value of collateral has been eroded or disappeared for economic reasons

The number and/or size of a species that a person can legally take in a day or trip.

The fuel obtained from the fibre that remains after juice extraction in sugar cane processing.

Personal property of passengers and crew loaded or carried on board a means of transport by agreement with the operator.

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BIS strives to serve the community of Bahrain by spreading awareness on the benefits of Internet and ICT. BIS also strives to engage in ICT Development toward eBahrain.

A horizontal structural member supporting the deck of a ship and aiding in holding her sides in place.

Provide emergency assistance to financial institution experiencing difficulties. Often used for assistance provided by government to banks.

The term balance is used in business tendency surveys in the case of three-choice questions where data are presented in the form of a percent balance. “Normal” and “same” answers are ignored and the balance is obtained by taking the difference between the weighted percentages of respondents giving favourable and unfavourable answers.

The f.o.b. value of exports of goods and services less the f.o.b. value of imports of goods and services. When no distinction between goods and services is required, it may be defined as the f.o.b. value of exports of goods and services less the c.i.f. value of imports of goods and services.

The Balance of Payment Manual, Fifth Edition is the manual describing the methodology for measuring the economic transactions of an economy with the rest of the world. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is the custodian of the Manual

The balance of payments is a statistical statement that systematically summarises, for a specific time period, the economic transactions of an economy with the rest of the world.

The balance of payments is a record of a country's international transactions with the rest of the world. This is equivalent to the transactions between residents of a country and non-residents. The balance of payments is divided up into the current account and investment and other capital transactions.These transactions, which are recorded by a double- entry system of book-keeping, involve goods, services, transfers, loans granted or received, market securities, foreign exchange etc.
International trade in services is shown in the current account balance of payments statistics and forms part of what is known as "invisibles". The current account balance constitutes the sole source of comparable data on international cross-border statistics on services

The major components of the capital account are:
- capital transfers, and
- acquisition/disposal of non-produced, non- financial assets.
Capital transfers consist of those involving transfers of ownership of fixed assets; transfers of funds linked to, or conditional upon, acquisition or disposal of fixed assets; or cancellation, without any counterparts being received in return, of liabilities by creditors. This item does not cover land in a specific economic territory.
Capital transfers include two components: (i) general government, subdivided into debt forgiveness and other, and (ii) other, subdivided into migrants' transfers, debt forgiveness, and other transfers

The capital and financial account has two major components:
- the capital account, and
- the financial account.
These are in accordance with the same accounts in the System of National Accounts (SNA). Assets represent claims on residents and liabilities represent indebtedness to nonresidents. Capital transfers consist of those involving transfers of ownership of fixed assets; transfers of funds linked to, or conditional upon, acquisition of disposal of fixed assets; or cancellation, without any counterparts being received in return, of liabilities by creditors. This item does not cover land in a specific economic territory.
In the financial account, all components are classified according to type of investment or by functional breakdown (direct investment, portfolio investment, other investment, reserve assets).Most entries in the capital and financial account should be made on a net basis; that is, each component should be shown only as a credit or debit